How to prevent pneumonia
Avoid smoking, secondhand smoke, getting vaccinated are some of the best ways ro prevent pneumonia. Importantly, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, getting vaccinated against bacteria and viruses that cause infections such as influenza, measles, COVID-19, whooping cough, etc., can significantly reduce your risk for pneumonia.
In addition to flu vaccine, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) endorses three pneumonia vaccines available in the United States that help prevent pneumococcal disease. These are pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV), meaning they’re inactive forms and pieces of the virus to help our bodies identify the actual virus should it enter our system later. The current options are the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13, 15, and 20) and the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23).
PCV15 or PCV20 are recommended for all children under the age of two, as a 3-dose series every 2 months followed by a booster at least 8 weeks after the last dose in the series. PCV13 has been replaced by PCV15 or, even more preferred, PCV20, as both of those offer better protection than PCV13. If your child has started the series with PCV13, they can complete the course with PCV15 or 20 without having to restart.
Catch-up vaccines between ages 2 to <6 if your child’s previous vaccines were incomplete or never received should be two doses of PCV15 or PCV20, at least 8 weeks apart.
If a child has immune compromising or other high risk conditions and never received PCV20 as part of their series, it’s strongly recommended by the CDC that they receive a of PCV20 before the age of 6 (in addition to their series and booster). This is because PCV20 offers the most protection.
If a child between ages 6 and 18 has not had a complete vaccines series and needs to catch up, or has never had the vaccine, it’s recommended they get one dose of PCV20.
The CDC also recommends PCV20, or PCV15 followed by PPSV23 1 year later, for adults ages 19 - 64 with certain high-risk medical conditions, including diabetes and cigarette smoking, and for every adult over the age of 65. Certain very high-risk cases may differ, so it’s important to talk to your doctor about your medical history in order to be the most protected you can from pneumonia
You can also help prevent pneumonia by practicing good respiratory hygiene. This means covering your mouth and nose when you sneeze or cough, and washing your hands frequently. If you are sick, it's better if you stay home from work or school to avoid infecting others and wearing a mask while in public places. By taking these simple precautions, you can help protect yourself and others from this serious disease.