Crohn's disease has no specific single cause, but is considered polygenic, in other words that it’s a combination of genetics, the gut-immune system and the gut biome.
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Autoimmune reaction: Crohn's disease may be caused by an autoimmune reaction, where your immune system attacks healthy cells in your body.
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Genetic factors: Crohn's disease can run in families. If you have a parent or sibling with the disease, you have a higher risk of developing Crohn's disease.
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Other factors: Research suggests that people who smoke, people who get less than 6 hours of sleep regularly, and people who take certain medications including oral contraceptives, NSAIDS and frequent oral antibiotics have a small increased risk of developing Crohn’s disease.